| Title |
Multiple Pigment Cell Types Contribute to the Black, Blue, and Orange Ornaments of Male Guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
PLOS ONE, January 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0085647 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Verena A. Kottler, Iris Koch, Matthias Flötenmeyer, Hisashi Hashimoto, Detlef Weigel, Christine Dreyer |
| Abstract |
The fitness of male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) highly depends on the size and number of their black, blue, and orange ornaments. Recently, progress has been made regarding the genetic mechanisms underlying male guppy pigment pattern formation, but we still know little about the pigment cell organization within these ornaments. Here, we investigate the pigment cell distribution within the black, blue, and orange trunk spots and selected fin color patterns of guppy males from three genetically divergent strains using transmission electron microscopy. We identified three types of pigment cells and found that at least two of these contribute to each color trait. Further, two pigment cell layers, one in the dermis and the other in the hypodermis, contribute to each trunk spot. The pigment cell organization within the black and orange trunk spots was similar between strains. The presence of iridophores in each of the investigated color traits is consistent with a key role for this pigment cell type in guppy color pattern formation. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 1 | 11% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 11% |
| Canada | 1 | 11% |
| Spain | 1 | 11% |
| United States | 1 | 11% |
| Unknown | 4 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 8 | 89% |
| Scientists | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 72 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Czechia | 2 | 3% |
| India | 1 | 1% |
| Germany | 1 | 1% |
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 67 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 17 | 24% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 18% |
| Researcher | 9 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 11% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 10 | 14% |
| Unknown | 12 | 17% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 39 | 54% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 6% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 3% |
| Chemistry | 2 | 3% |
| Materials Science | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 11 | 15% |
| Unknown | 12 | 17% |