| Title |
Polymorphic Sites at the Immunoregulatory CTLA-4 Gene Are Associated with Chronic Chagas Disease and Its Clinical Manifestations
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
PLOS ONE, October 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0078367 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Fabrício C. Dias, Tiago da S. Medina, Celso T. Mendes-Junior, Roberto O. Dantas, Cristina W. Pissetti, Virmondes Rodrigues, Renata Dellalibera-Joviliano, José A. Marin-Neto, Fredy R. S. Gutierrez, Philippe Moreau, João S. Silva, Eduardo A. Donadi |
| Abstract |
Chagas disease affects approximately 10 million people mainly in Latin America. The immune regulation by the host seems to be an essential factor for disease evolution, and immune system inhibitory molecules such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 favor the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Considering that polymorphisms at the immunoregulatory CTLA-4 and PDCD1 genes may alter their inhibitory function, we investigated the association of alleles, genotypes and haplotypes of polymorphic sites observed at the CTLA-4 and PDCD1 genes with different clinical manifestations of chronic Chagas disease (indeterminate, cardiac, digestive and mixed). |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 48 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Colombia | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 47 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 13% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 8% |
| Professor | 4 | 8% |
| Other | 14 | 29% |
| Unknown | 8 | 17% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 14 | 29% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 17% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 7 | 15% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 8% |
| Arts and Humanities | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 4 | 8% |
| Unknown | 9 | 19% |