Title |
Thermal Limit for Metazoan Life in Question: In Vivo Heat Tolerance of the Pompeii Worm
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Published in |
PLOS ONE, May 2013
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DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0064074 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Juliette Ravaux, Gérard Hamel, Magali Zbinden, Aurélie A. Tasiemski, Isabelle Boutet, Nelly Léger, Arnaud Tanguy, Didier Jollivet, Bruce Shillito |
Abstract |
The thermal limit for metazoan life, expected to be around 50°C, has been debated since the discovery of the Pompeii worm Alvinella pompejana, which colonizes black smoker chimney walls at deep-sea vents. While indirect evidence predicts body temperatures lower than 50°C, repeated in situ temperature measurements depict an animal thriving at temperatures of 60°C and more. This controversy was to remain as long as this species escaped in vivo investigations, due to irremediable mortalities upon non-isobaric sampling. Here we report from the first heat-exposure experiments with live A. pompejana, following isobaric sampling and subsequent transfer in a laboratory pressurized aquarium. A prolonged (2 hours) exposure in the 50-55°C range was lethal, inducing severe tissue damages, cell mortalities and triggering a heat stress response, therefore showing that Alvinella's upper thermal limit clearly is below 55°C. A comparison with hsp70 stress gene expressions of individuals analysed directly after sampling in situ confirms that Alvinella pompejana does not experience long-term exposures to temperature above 50°C in its natural environment. The thermal optimum is nevertheless beyond 42°C, which confirms that the Pompeii worm ranks among the most thermotolerant metazoans. |
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