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Choosing in Freedom or Forced to Choose? Introspective Blindness to Psychological Forcing in Stage-Magic

Overview of attention for article published in PLOS ONE, March 2013
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Title
Choosing in Freedom or Forced to Choose? Introspective Blindness to Psychological Forcing in Stage-Magic
Published in
PLOS ONE, March 2013
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058254
Pubmed ID
Authors

Diego E. Shalom, Maximiliano G. de Sousa Serro, Maximiliano Giaconia, Luis M. Martinez, Andres Rieznik, Mariano Sigman

Abstract

We investigated an individual ability to identify whether choices were made freely or forced by external parameters. We capitalized on magical setups where the notion of psychological forcing constitutes a well trodden path. In live stage magic, a magician guessed cards from spectators while inquiring how freely they thought they had made the choice. Our data showed a marked blindness in the introspection of free choice. Spectators assigned comparable ratings when choosing the card that the magician deliberately forced them compared to any other card, even in classical forcing, where the magician literally handles a card to the participant This observation was paralleled by a laboratory experiment where we observed modest changes in subjective reports by factors with drastic effect in choice. Pupil dilatation, which is known to tag slow cognitive events related to memory and attention, constitutes an efficient fingerprint to index subjective and objective aspects of choice.

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The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 78 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Germany 2 3%
United Kingdom 1 1%
Japan 1 1%
Argentina 1 1%
Unknown 73 94%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 18 23%
Researcher 14 18%
Student > Master 12 15%
Student > Bachelor 5 6%
Professor > Associate Professor 3 4%
Other 10 13%
Unknown 16 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Psychology 30 38%
Neuroscience 7 9%
Medicine and Dentistry 4 5%
Computer Science 3 4%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 3 4%
Other 16 21%
Unknown 15 19%