| Title |
Lack of Support for the Association between Facial Shape and Aggression: A Reappraisal Based on a Worldwide Population Genetics Perspective
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
PLOS ONE, January 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0052317 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Jorge Gómez-Valdés, Tábita Hünemeier, Mirsha Quinto-Sánchez, Carolina Paschetta, Soledad de Azevedo, Marina F. González, Neus Martínez-Abadías, Mireia Esparza, Héctor M. Pucciarelli, Francisco M. Salzano, Claiton H. D. Bau, Maria Cátira Bortolini, Rolando González-José |
| Abstract |
Antisocial and criminal behaviors are multifactorial traits whose interpretation relies on multiple disciplines. Since these interpretations may have social, moral and legal implications, a constant review of the evidence is necessary before any scientific claim is considered as truth. A recent study proposed that men with wider faces relative to facial height (fWHR) are more likely to develop unethical behaviour mediated by a psychological sense of power. This research was based on reports suggesting that sexual dimorphism and selection would be responsible for a correlation between fWHR and aggression. Here we show that 4,960 individuals from 94 modern human populations belonging to a vast array of genetic and cultural contexts do not display significant amounts of fWHR sexual dimorphism. Further analyses using populations with associated ethnographical records as well as samples of male prisoners of the Mexico City Federal Penitentiary condemned by crimes of variable level of inter-personal aggression (homicide, robbery, and minor faults) did not show significant evidence, suggesting that populations/individuals with higher levels of bellicosity, aggressive behaviour, or power-mediated behaviour display greater fWHR. Finally, a regression analysis of fWHR on individual's fitness showed no significant correlation between this facial trait and reproductive success. Overall, our results suggest that facial attributes are poor predictors of aggressive behaviour, or at least, that sexual selection was weak enough to leave a signal on patterns of between- and within-sex and population facial variation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 39 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 5 | 13% |
| United States | 4 | 10% |
| United Kingdom | 3 | 8% |
| Mexico | 2 | 5% |
| Spain | 1 | 3% |
| Argentina | 1 | 3% |
| Croatia | 1 | 3% |
| Serbia | 1 | 3% |
| Chile | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 3 | 8% |
| Unknown | 17 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 32 | 82% |
| Scientists | 6 | 15% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 127 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 3 | 2% |
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| Turkey | 1 | <1% |
| Czechia | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Romania | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 118 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 20% |
| Researcher | 17 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 11 | 9% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 9 | 7% |
| Student > Bachelor | 9 | 7% |
| Other | 32 | 25% |
| Unknown | 24 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 41 | 32% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 19 | 15% |
| Social Sciences | 9 | 7% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 5 | 4% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 2% |
| Other | 19 | 15% |
| Unknown | 31 | 24% |