Title |
A Brain-Computer Interface Based Attention Training Program for Treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
|
---|---|
Published in |
PLOS ONE, October 2012
|
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0046692 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Choon Guan Lim, Tih Shih Lee, Cuntai Guan, Daniel Shuen Sheng Fung, Yudong Zhao, Stephanie Sze Wei Teng, Haihong Zhang, K. Ranga Rama Krishnan |
Abstract |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms can be difficult to treat. We previously reported that a 20-session brain-computer interface (BCI) attention training programme improved ADHD symptoms. Here, we investigated a new more intensive BCI-based attention training game system on 20 unmedicated ADHD children (16 males, 4 females) with significant inattentive symptoms (combined and inattentive ADHD subtypes). This new system monitored attention through a head band with dry EEG sensors, which was used to drive a feed forward game. The system was calibrated for each user by measuring the EEG parameters during a Stroop task. Treatment consisted of an 8-week training comprising 24 sessions followed by 3 once-monthly booster training sessions. Following intervention, both parent-rated inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms on the ADHD Rating Scale showed significant improvement. At week 8, the mean improvement was -4.6 (5.9) and -4.7 (5.6) respectively for inattentive symptoms and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms (both p<0.01). Cohen's d effect size for inattentive symptoms was large at 0.78 at week 8 and 0.84 at week 24 (post-boosters). Further analysis showed that the change in the EEG based BCI ADHD severity measure correlated with the change ADHD Rating Scale scores. The BCI-based attention training game system is a potential new treatment for ADHD. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 15% |
Spain | 2 | 15% |
Canada | 1 | 8% |
Italy | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 7 | 54% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 11 | 85% |
Scientists | 1 | 8% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Singapore | 4 | 1% |
United States | 2 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Slovakia | 1 | <1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 356 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 69 | 19% |
Student > Master | 67 | 18% |
Student > Bachelor | 48 | 13% |
Researcher | 40 | 11% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 15 | 4% |
Other | 53 | 14% |
Unknown | 76 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 71 | 19% |
Engineering | 47 | 13% |
Computer Science | 42 | 11% |
Neuroscience | 27 | 7% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 23 | 6% |
Other | 72 | 20% |
Unknown | 86 | 23% |