| Title |
Critical Role of an Antiviral Stress Granule Containing RIG-I and PKR in Viral Detection and Innate Immunity
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
PLOS ONE, August 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0043031 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Koji Onomoto, Michihiko Jogi, Ji-Seung Yoo, Ryo Narita, Shiho Morimoto, Azumi Takemura, Suryaprakash Sambhara, Atushi Kawaguchi, Suguru Osari, Kyosuke Nagata, Tomoh Matsumiya, Hideo Namiki, Mitsutoshi Yoneyama, Takashi Fujita |
| Abstract |
Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) function as cytoplasmic sensors for viral RNA to initiate antiviral responses including type I interferon (IFN) production. It has been unclear how RIG-I encounters and senses viral RNA. To address this issue, we examined intracellular localization of RIG-I in response to viral infection using newly generated anti-RIG-I antibody. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that RLRs localized in virus-induced granules containing stress granule (SG) markers together with viral RNA and antiviral proteins. Because of similarity in morphology and components, we termed these aggregates antiviral stress granules (avSGs). Influenza A virus (IAV) deficient in non-structural protein 1 (NS1) efficiently generated avSGs as well as IFN, however IAV encoding NS1 produced little. Inhibition of avSGs formation by removal of either the SG component or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR) resulted in diminished IFN production and concomitant enhancement of viral replication. Furthermore, we observed that transfection of dsRNA resulted in IFN production in an avSGs-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest that the avSG is the locus for non-self RNA sensing and the orchestration of multiple proteins is critical in the triggering of antiviral responses. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 320 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 5 | 2% |
| Japan | 2 | <1% |
| Canada | 2 | <1% |
| Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Korea, Republic of | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 307 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 83 | 26% |
| Student > Master | 49 | 15% |
| Researcher | 43 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 36 | 11% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 21 | 7% |
| Other | 44 | 14% |
| Unknown | 44 | 14% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 112 | 35% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 77 | 24% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 41 | 13% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 22 | 7% |
| Neuroscience | 3 | <1% |
| Other | 16 | 5% |
| Unknown | 49 | 15% |