Title |
First Epigravettian Ceramic Figurines from Europe (Vela Spila, Croatia)
|
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Published in |
PLOS ONE, July 2012
|
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0041437 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Rebecca Farbstein, Dinko Radić, Dejana Brajković, Preston T. Miracle |
Abstract |
Recent finds of 36 ceramic artifacts from the archaeological site of Vela Spila, Croatia, offer the first evidence of ceramic figurative art in late Upper Palaeolithic Europe, c. 17,500-15,000 years before present (BP). The size and diversity of this artistic ceramic assemblage indicate the emergence of a social tradition, rather than more ephemeral experimentation with a new material. Vela Spila ceramics offer compelling technological and stylistic comparisons with the only other evidence of a developed Palaeolithic ceramic tradition found at the sites of Pavlov I and Dolní Věstonice I, in the Czech Republic, c. 31,000-27,000 cal BP. Because of the 10,000-year gap between the two assemblages, the Vela Spila ceramics are interpreted as evidence of an independent invention of this technology. Consequently, these artifacts provide evidence of a new social context in which ceramics developed and were used to make art in the Upper Palaeolithic. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 5 | 22% |
United States | 3 | 13% |
Spain | 2 | 9% |
Netherlands | 1 | 4% |
Croatia | 1 | 4% |
Mexico | 1 | 4% |
France | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 9 | 39% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 21 | 91% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Croatia | 1 | 1% |
United States | 1 | 1% |
Portugal | 1 | 1% |
Denmark | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 72 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 26% |
Researcher | 18 | 24% |
Student > Master | 8 | 11% |
Professor | 6 | 8% |
Student > Bachelor | 5 | 7% |
Other | 10 | 13% |
Unknown | 9 | 12% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Arts and Humanities | 38 | 50% |
Social Sciences | 14 | 18% |
Environmental Science | 4 | 5% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 2 | 3% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 3% |
Other | 5 | 7% |
Unknown | 11 | 14% |