| Title |
Bone Marrow-Derived Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Is Associated with Fibrous Adhesion Formation after Murine Flexor Tendon Injury
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
PLOS ONE, July 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0040602 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Alayna E. Loiselle, Benjamin J. Frisch, Matthew Wolenski, Justin A. Jacobson, Laura M. Calvi, Edward M. Schwarz, Hani A. Awad, Regis J. O’Keefe |
| Abstract |
The pathogenesis of adhesions following primary tendon repair is poorly understood, but is thought to involve dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (Mmps). We have previously demonstrated that Mmp9 gene expression is increased during the inflammatory phase following murine flexor digitorum (FDL) tendon repair in association with increased adhesions. To further investigate the role of Mmp9, the cellular, molecular, and biomechanical features of healing were examined in WT and Mmp9(-/-) mice using the FDL tendon repair model. Adhesions persisted in WT, but were reduced in Mmp9(-/-) mice by 21 days without any decrease in strength. Deletion of Mmp9 resulted in accelerated expression of neo-tendon associated genes, Gdf5 and Smad8, and delayed expression of collagen I and collagen III. Furthermore, WT bone marrow cells (GFP(+)) migrated specifically to the tendon repair site. Transplanting myeloablated Mmp9(-/-) mice with WT marrow cells resulted in greater adhesions than observed in Mmp9(-/-) mice and similar to those seen in WT mice. These studies show that Mmp9 is primarily derived from bone marrow cells that migrate to the repair site, and mediates adhesion formation in injured tendons. Mmp9 is a potential target to limit adhesion formation in tendon healing. |
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
| Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 39 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 5% |
| Unknown | 37 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 26% |
| Researcher | 4 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 4 | 10% |
| Other | 3 | 8% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 6 | 15% |
| Unknown | 10 | 26% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 23% |
| Engineering | 7 | 18% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 8% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 5% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 5 | 13% |
| Unknown | 11 | 28% |