Title |
Progranulin Gene Variability and Plasma Levels in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia
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Published in |
PLOS ONE, April 2012
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DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0032164 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Daniela Galimberti, Bernardo Dell'Osso, Chiara Fenoglio, Chiara Villa, Francesca Cortini, Maria Serpente, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Johannes Weigl, Maria Neuner, Juliane Volkert, C. Leonhard, David G. Olmes, Juliane Kopf, Claudia Cantoni, Elisa Ridolfi, Carlotta Palazzo, Laura Ghezzi, Nereo Bresolin, A. C. Altamura, Elio Scarpini, Andreas Reif |
Abstract |
Basing on the assumption that frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BPD) might share common aetiological mechanisms, we analyzed genetic variation in the FTLD risk gene progranulin (GRN) in a German population of patients with schizophrenia (n = 271) or BPD (n = 237) as compared with 574 age-, gender- and ethnicity-matched controls. Furthermore, we measured plasma progranulin levels in 26 German BPD patients as well as in 61 Italian BPD patients and 29 matched controls.A significantly decreased allelic frequency of the minor versus the wild-type allele was observed for rs2879096 (23.2 versus 34.2%, P<0.001, OR:0.63, 95%CI:0.49-0.80), rs4792938 (30.7 versus 39.7%, P = 0.005, OR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.55-0.89) and rs5848 (30.3 versus 36.8, P = 0.007, OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.56-0.91). Mean±SEM progranulin plasma levels were significantly decreased in BPD patients, either Germans or Italians, as compared with controls (89.69±3.97 and 116.14±5.80 ng/ml, respectively, versus 180.81±18.39 ng/ml P<0.001) and were not correlated with age.In conclusion, GRN variability decreases the risk to develop BPD and schizophrenia, and progranulin plasma levels are significantly lower in BPD patients than in controls. Nevertheless, a larger replication analysis would be needed to confirm these preliminary results. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Italy | 1 | 33% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 33% |
Egypt | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 1 | 33% |
Members of the public | 1 | 33% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 1 | 2% |
United States | 1 | 2% |
Brazil | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 62 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 12 | 18% |
Student > Master | 10 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 9% |
Professor | 5 | 8% |
Other | 10 | 15% |
Unknown | 13 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 16 | 25% |
Psychology | 10 | 15% |
Neuroscience | 8 | 12% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 11% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 8% |
Other | 6 | 9% |
Unknown | 13 | 20% |