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Suppression of Inflammatory Immune Responses in Celiac Disease by Experimental Hookworm Infection

Overview of attention for article published in PLOS ONE, September 2011
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Title
Suppression of Inflammatory Immune Responses in Celiac Disease by Experimental Hookworm Infection
Published in
PLOS ONE, September 2011
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0024092
Pubmed ID
Authors

Henry J. McSorley, Soraya Gaze, James Daveson, Dianne Jones, Robert P. Anderson, Andrew Clouston, Nathalie E. Ruyssers, Richard Speare, James S. McCarthy, Christian R. Engwerda, John Croese, Alex Loukas

Abstract

We present immunological data from two clinical trials where the effect of experimental human hookworm (Necator americanus) infection on the pathology of celiac disease was evaluated. We found that basal production of Interferon- (IFN-)γ and Interleukin- (IL-)17A from duodenal biopsy culture was suppressed in hookworm-infected participants compared to uninfected controls. Increased levels of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells in the circulation and mucosa are associated with active celiac disease. We show that this accumulation also occurs during a short-term (1 week) oral gluten challenge, and that hookworm infection suppressed the increase of circulating CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells during this challenge period. When duodenal biopsies from hookworm-infected participants were restimulated with the immunodominant gliadin peptide QE65, robust production of IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-17A was detected, even prior to gluten challenge while participants were strictly adhering to a gluten-free diet. Intriguingly, IL-5 was produced only after hookworm infection in response to QE65. Thus we hypothesise that hookworm-induced TH2 and IL-10 cross-regulation of the TH1/TH17 inflammatory response may be responsible for the suppression of these responses during experimental hookworm infection.

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Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United States 2 1%
Austria 1 <1%
Brazil 1 <1%
Australia 1 <1%
Canada 1 <1%
Czechia 1 <1%
Unknown 162 96%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Bachelor 39 23%
Researcher 23 14%
Student > Ph. D. Student 21 12%
Student > Master 21 12%
Student > Doctoral Student 13 8%
Other 26 15%
Unknown 26 15%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 50 30%
Medicine and Dentistry 33 20%
Immunology and Microbiology 22 13%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 12 7%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 4 2%
Other 16 9%
Unknown 32 19%