Title |
Genomic Signatures of Strain Selection and Enhancement in Bacillus atrophaeus var. globigii, a Historical Biowarfare Simulant
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Published in |
PLOS ONE, March 2011
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DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0017836 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Henry S. Gibbons, Stacey M. Broomall, Lauren A. McNew, Hajnalka Daligault, Carol Chapman, David Bruce, Mark Karavis, Michael Krepps, Paul A. McGregor, Charles Hong, Kyong H. Park, Arya Akmal, Andrew Feldman, Jeffrey S. Lin, Wenling E. Chang, Brandon W. Higgs, Plamen Demirev, John Lindquist, Alvin Liem, Ed Fochler, Timothy D. Read, Roxanne Tapia, Shannon Johnson, Kimberly A. Bishop-Lilly, Chris Detter, Cliff Han, Shanmuga Sozhamannan, C. Nicole Rosenzweig, Evan W. Skowronski |
Abstract |
Despite the decades-long use of Bacillus atrophaeus var. globigii (BG) as a simulant for biological warfare (BW) agents, knowledge of its genome composition is limited. Furthermore, the ability to differentiate signatures of deliberate adaptation and selection from natural variation is lacking for most bacterial agents. We characterized a lineage of BGwith a long history of use as a simulant for BW operations, focusing on classical bacteriological markers, metabolic profiling and whole-genome shotgun sequencing (WGS). |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 1% |
Netherlands | 1 | 1% |
Canada | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 75 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 21 | 27% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 7 | 9% |
Professor | 5 | 6% |
Other | 5 | 6% |
Other | 13 | 17% |
Unknown | 15 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 31 | 40% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 17% |
Engineering | 5 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 4% |
Chemistry | 3 | 4% |
Other | 6 | 8% |
Unknown | 17 | 22% |